Kaggalipura is a small town situated 40km south of Bengaluru city. The 3-acre farmland is a fruit orchard where trees such as mango, sapota, banana, coconut, butter fruit, and jackfruit are grown.

The site offered various opportunities for design. A sloping landscape allowed a rainwater collection system to be created to sustain the existing farming practices. A steep four metre drop preceded by flat land allowed the building to be tucked into the landscape with minimal cutting. The southern side is sunken along this drop, mitigating heat gain, while the northern side opens to the landscape and takes advantage of the light. The rooftops are filled, lending a sense of continuity to the landscape, increase thermal mass and keep the spaces underneath cool, and offer opportunities for small-scale farming above.

The idea started with multifunctional caves, tucked within the earth with its existing terrain, like unfinished ruins, planned in and around existing trees, eventually over the years becoming part of nature.

The materials used are all locally sourced, with a minimal footprint. The larger boulders excavated from site were used for the retaining wall, while the smaller rocks and pebbles were used as flooring material in the courtyards. The construction of the building employed local masons, artists and crafts people, found in and around Kaggalipura village, as a form of community building activity.

Local kiln brick sourced from a nearby village in its unfinished form, the mortar joints were filled with a mixture of lime, site soil and minimum use of concrete in it, intentions were made to keep the brick walls as main load bearing wall in its raw, robust and exposed form without any plaster over it, entire structure is a load bearing form of structure.

The entire programme of a built and unbuilt was imagined to be multifunctional which can be used for many activities over the time.

The client’s initial requirements of a farmhouse which would be used on occasion did not warrant a building of such a scale, so suggestions were made to amend the brief. Spaces are instead designed to be flexible and host various functions which fulfils one of the primary design objectives to support the local community and its activities. The alternate built and unbuilt configuration allows functions to take place within the caves and spill out onto the open courts. For instance, classes for local school children may be conducted within the caves, while the open courts may be used as spill out spaces for children to eat and play.

In addition, the open court can act as a transition between the classroom and the open ground to the north, with the stairs becoming seating spaces to watch. In another instance, it may take on programs to support the thriving local artisans and craftspeople. The sunken passageway to the north with its niches could become displays of the artisans’ work, while the caves and open courts could become workshops for artisans to practice, teach and sell their work.